I’ve been using the NLME for several months now and only when I actually am thinking about how to write up my results am I now questioning some things and i’d like to ensure I get these questions straight before I start describing my methods and results for my model.Could someonme try to explain to a relatively novice pharmacometrician the following? (1) when fitting data to a population model with fixed and random effects, in the results tab I see an output for the individual eta values from the subjects employed ss input for the model, however, is there a setting or output I’m missing which provides the individual structural parameter for the actual subjects from the dataset (i.e. assuming pindividual= tv p exp(eta p) is the individual p reported or does this need to be manually calculated by the user? In the simulation setting, I see a “Freeze Eta to Pop Estimates”. Does this then provide the individual bayesian estimate for the structural parameters you specify in the simtab? do you need to set the # replicates to =1 and iterations to =0 ? (2) when simulating a profile based on the model where the concentrations are the output, can someone confirm that if your residual error model is Cobs = C (1+ Ceps), are we simulating “C” or Cobs? (3) in many of the literature sources for population PK models, the concentrations are log transformed for the residual error model. The multiplicative error model does not appear to be log transform the observed concentrations so is this done in the background or is this not offered as an option for multiplicative models. how would one justify not having log transformed the observed data if Cobs = C*(1+ Ceps) assumes non-log normal distribution. Thanks to anyone who can answer these naive questions. Elliot